Principles of Business Process Re-Engineering Case Study

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1.1 Explanation of the following concepts

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Implications for different types of organizational culture

Organisational culture refers to the beliefs, values, rules, and systems that influence and outline employee behaviors for organizations. Therefore, organizational culture plays an important role in managing employee behaviors, and voice, for common development purposes. Some key elements of validation, growth, trust, diligence and effectiveness play key factors in organizational development purposes (Quinn et al. 2020). There exist four types of organizational culture: adhocracy, clan, hierarchy, and market. The clan organizational culture also known as the collaborative culture provides equal importance to the employees and provides family relationships with the employees. This type of organizational culture also involves the employees in developing a decision-making process (Slob, 2021). On the other hand, the adhocracy culture represents the corporate approach that provides individual initiative, and decentralized leadership for making the decision-making process. Similarly, the market culture prioritizes the market competitors for developing individual performances. The hierarchy culture also represents a corporate culture by which decisions of top-down can be represented.

Figure 1: Different types of organizational culture

Therefore, the different types of organizations provide benefits to improve the growth of organizations and businesses (Zaeem et al. 2021). Barchester is a popular social care-providing organization in the United Kingdom that provides benefits to customers, businesses, and staff. The Barchester organization currently have more than 17000 employees who are working around various locations of this organization in the UK (Akman, 2021). Therefore adoption of the above-mentioned organizational culture helps to improve organizational growth, which is discussed in the following sections. Therefore, Barchester is a social care provider that can adopt the adhocracy culture because its initial focus is to provide innovative technologies and developments for digital products. Therefore, the adoption of this type of adhocracy culture helps to motivate innovation and risk-taking processes (Kasemsap, 2020). This type of organizational culture plays an important role because it helps to differentiate the categories, and ideas for company success and market growth.

Related to how it provides benefits/ disadvantages

Empowerment

The adhocracy culture also provides the benefits of empowering the decentralization process and autonomous decision-making process. Therefore, empowerment helps to provide authority and autonomy for the decision-making process of workplaces (Tsalko et al. 2020). Integrating empowerment helps Barchester to facilitate and delegate the authorities to their employees. However, there also exist some disadvantages of this type of organizational culture such as reducing the optimized and uniform decisions for the business growth of Barchester Company

Authority

Similarly, the authorities also play an important factor that providing opportunities for building effectiveness and restructuring the growth of the Barchester (Mandych et al. 2021). Since Barchester, is a social care-providing organization, it may face a collaboration gap for the adoption of an authority culture which will be negative for business growth for Barchester.

Responsibility

Similarly, responsibility also plays an important factor in developing the organizational culture because it improves the responsibilities among the employees of the social care provider Barchester.

Accountability

also represents expectations set, employees' understanding, and personal responsibility which is performed to improve performance levels (Pasaribu et al. 2021). Therefore, the adoption of the adhocracy organizational culture for Barchester also improves accountability performance. Accountability also has some disadvantages that are faced by the Barchester Company. Accountability often leads to push decisions.

Delegation

Delegation is another important factor for organizational growth and development process which the Barchester organization. The adoption of delegations also helps to distribute the tasks and the performances among the employees, which is very necessary for this social care provider Barchester (Gigova and Geshanova, 2020). However, the delegations also have a few disadvantages that might increase the frustrations among the employees which this particular sectors need to improve delegation performances.

1.2 Evaluation of the disadvantages and advantages of decentralised and centralised

The decentralised and centralised structures are two important modes for organizations. The centralization represents the formal authority structure with the hierarchy by which the organizations can make overall important decisions. On the other hand, decentralization decisions can be distributed for the adoption of any kind of formal decision-making process.

Principles of Business Process Re-Engineering Case Study

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Figure 2: Two types of organizational structure

Distinguish between the decentralised structure and the centralized structure

The choice of an organizational structure is a difficult task for organizations. There exist mainly two types of organization structure decentralized structure and centralized structure. Different organization of organization adopts different types of organizational structures.

Therefore, the distinction between the decentralized and centralized structure for organizations is discussed as follows (Sidebar, 2021). The key difference between decentralized and centralized organization structures is that in the case of centralized structure, the goal-setting, strategic planning, and talent deployment are conducted by the leadership team or single and senior leadership team. However, the decentralized structure represents a formal decision-making, decentralized organization distributed among teams or multiple individuals.

The centralized structures of an organization help to generate some features of economic scale but the decentralized structure duplicates the resources and the efforts (Dwipriyoko, 2020). A decentralized structure also helps to adopt best organization practices and increase collaborations. On the other hand, the decentralized structures promote innovations and experiments by which it can serve closer to customer enquiries. The decentralization structures also provide the speeds, and autonomy, for increasing the empowerment among the organizations. The centralized structures also provide flexible talent for deployment purposes.

Disadvantages and advantages of decentralized and centralized structures

The disadvantages and advantages of decentralized and centralized are discussed as follows.

Centralized structure

Centralized planning helps to reduce costs and enhance communications for information transmission purposes. The centralized structure also delivers the organization’s vision, clarity and authority (Kumolo, 2023). Therefore, the usage of the centralized structure helps to enhance the visions and aims for direct communications.

Similarly, adoption of the centralized planning also has some demerits for developing organizational structures. The key disadvantages of a centralized structure help to develop the decision-making process. The employees work based on their rules and the outcomes do not come in a creative format. Therefore, the productivity level suffers the most.

Decentralized structure

The key advantage of a decentralized structure always flowers the entire decision-making process. The decentralized structure increases the efficient communication, innovation process, expansions, and autonomy of employee behaviors. The decentralized structure also provides ease for the expansion process. On the other hand, the disadvantages of a centralized structure duplicate the service functions and administrative functions across units.

Discussion of the best structure for business

Adoption of the decentralized or centralized structure often depends upon several factors. A business organization can adopt any of these two structures based on their work process and the marketing sector they are working in. It was examined with the help of various previously done research studies that most of the major business companies rely most of the time on the decentralized structure (Onagri et al. 2020). A proper analysis of the Baychester Company’s organizational structure and their specific marketing sector it was found that the decentralized structure will be the most fitting organizational structure for this business company. It was mentioned previously that Baychester possesses a total number of 17000 employees working for them, and the process of managing this huge number of employees is very difficult. Due to this reason, the decentralised structure is chosen for the social care provider Barchester.

1.4 Analyse the principles of business process re-engineering

Understanding “business process engineering”

“Business process engineering” helps to analyse the process of current business environments and also improves efficiency, operational cost, productivity, etc. In other words “business process engineering” is one type of method that helps to analyse the current situation of business practices by which the organizations can create some new strategic approaches by which the organizations can develop productivity, operational cost and efficiency (Vergne, 2021). Using this type of radical design process in business management helps to improve the entire business's productivity, quality, cycle times, customer satisfaction, and employee productivity.

Barchester is a popular UK-based healthcare industry that also adopts different types of “business process re-engineering” mechanisms. Implementing various hypotheses, design, vision, mining, Go Live, Simulation and Monitoring are the 7 key phases under “business process re-engineering”.

Figure 3: 7 phase of “business process re-engineering

The above figure describes the seven phases of the “business process re-engineering (BPR)”. However, this entire process also helps to adopt the introduction of new technologies by which Barchester can regenerate its radical redesigning process with an integrated process (Zhao, 2022). Adoption of this type of process also helps to improve the profits and losses in the development process.

Advantages and disadvantages of “business process re-engineering

There exist both disadvantages and advantages to the adoption of “business process re-engineering”. The main advantages of adopting “business process re-engineering” help to improve the entire efficiency of business environments. This process also develops the service quality and product quality of Barchester (Berka and Dreyfus, 2021). This process also helps Barchester to reduce the total number for the reconciliation process.

However, the adoption of the BPR also faced some disadvantages that failed to provide immediate resolutions. The BRP also help to act as a threat because it easily replaces human beings. Adoption of the BRP also required to develop the substantial investments for which, Barchester have to adopt the proper planning, exceptional implementations, along fantastic teamwork. [Reffered to appendix 2]

Role of “business process re-engineering” for Barchester

The “business process re-engineering” also plays an important role for Barchester that helps to improve the growth rate, employees and customer satisfaction quality for Barchester. There exist a total of 7 stages under this entire “business process re-engineering”. Therefore, the adoption of this type of planning process also helps to develop the vision of Barchester (Seema, 2021). Adopting the “business process re-engineering” can develop its integrity, respect, responsibility, and empowerment. In the second stage of this process, Barchester can develop some hypothesised model by which Barchester can collaborate with the automation and reduce the redundant tasks. The third stage of mining helps to deepen the analysis of empowerment, responsibility, and differences. In the simulation stage of this process, Barchester can improve the business effectiveness of Barchester. The next stage of this process of “business process re-engineering” identifies the monitoring stages and the KPI performances for the organizations. 

1.5 Evaluation of the application of project management technique to include the advantages

The applications of the project management techniques

The “project management techniques” is one type of software development tool that helps in the entire project management process and the tracking process. Using this type of application projects can easily develop some management planning, task execution, and coordination in the entire project management process (Mukolo, 2023). The entire technique used an organized planning process, resources, and project management process. There exist different types of techniques and tools like “Work Break Structure (WBS)”, Critical path analysis, Kanban model, Gantt Chart, or Critical Chain that are used for the entire project management process. The Gantt Chart is one of the major tools that are used for entire project management analysis.

Figure 4: Key tools that are used for the project management process

Adoption of the right technique for project management also requires adopting the right experiences, skills, management techniques, etc.

Advantages and the limitations of Project Management Process

Barchester is a popular healthcare unit in the entire United Kingdom that also adopts different types of tools and techniques for managing the entire managing process for Barchester. However, there exist some advantages and limitations to the adoption of the process of project management that is faced by Barchester (Akman, 2021). Therefore, the six key benefits of adopting the process of project management are managing the timelines and budgets, developing quality and productivity, mitigating the entire project risks, developing the stakeholder's relationships, improving customer satisfaction rates, and improving the competitive advantages.

Limitations

However, the adoption of the process of project management helps face some limitations related to budgeting issues, communications, coordination gaps, and the complex structure of business processes used by the healthcare sector of Barchester. The Barchester also faced limitations from time, cost, and management scope in the entire project management process.

Justification of best process for own organization

In the above section, it is mentioned that there exist a total of 7 stages under the project management process. The entire project management process also needs to adopt some tools and techniques (Berka and Dreyfus, 2021). Barchester is one of the famous healthcare sectors in the entire UK that can adopt and follow the project planning process by using the Gantt chart, stakeholder mapping, and lean methodologies. Therefore, to manage the major independent health services and social services can adopt lean methodologies to reduce cost-effectiveness, stakeholders to maintain stakeholder relationships. Therefore, Barchester can adopt this type of process to maintain the large project planning approaches. 

Concerned area for the process of project management of Barchester

However, the entire process of project management also faced some key limitations and challenges due to complex business structures, and budgetary issues, proper infrastructures. However, the growth revenue for Barchester also increased by 31.84 million in 2023 for which Barchester needs proper budgetary allocations. Therefore, this is the main concern area for Barchester in the development process of project management.

1.7 Limitations of monitoring the execution of a strategic business plan

The strategic performance management process is one of the vital parts that also help to measure monitoring, performance measurement, and entire organizational objectives. There exist various processes and approaches that might improve the entire strategic business planning process.

Figure 5: Process for measurement of Strategic Performance Management (SPM)

The above picture describes the different types of processes that are used for the entire SPM process management. These are the key tools that help to measure the SPM of the Barchester, healthcare structures.

The SPM of Barchester can also be analysed through an “Energy Performance Certificate (EPC)”. The above table shows that Barchester also invested 2 million in the capacity development process in 2022, and 2023.

The above table also shows the entire consumption performances taken by Barchester in three consecutive years of 2021, 2022, and 2023.

1.6 Evaluation of the scope of the tools for monitoring strategic performance

The KPI performance metrics help to identify the strategic performance and monitoring process for Barchester, healthcare organizations. Adoption of performance appraisals, 360-degree feedback, KPI analysis, PDP planning, recognition programs and reward programs are the key tools that might help to monitor the entire strategic performance levels.

Analysis of the balanced scorecard for Barchester helps to identify its present requirement for the business planning process. [Referred to Appendix:3].

The above table found that Barchester have faced some internal crises and cost-friendly services for which strategic planning approaches can help to improve the business growth of Barchester.

3.1. Justification of an evaluation of approaches that are appropriate for the nature of your business/ organization

There exist different types of evolution approaches that might help to develop the business growth for Barchester. The three components of the evaluation process of process-based, goal-based and outcome-based are three approaches under the entire evaluation process.

Figure 9: Three main types of evaluation approaches

(Source: self-created in MS Word)

Therefore, based on the above evaluation approaches, the “Goal-based” approaches are the based approaches to determine the business goals for the Barchester, health sectors.

3.2 The purpose of the evaluation

The evaluation is one of the systematic methods that help to intervene in the entire initiatives, and intervention process for Barchester healthcare.

Reasons for adoption of the Goal-based approach

The goal-based approaches help to identify and determine the goals and programs by which the Barchester healthcare sector can easily achieve its targeted vision for the recovery and rehabilitation process. Therefore the adoption of the “goal-based ” approach is appropriate for achieving the business goals for Barchester.

Discussion on evaluation approaches for organization

Therefore, Barchester Healthcare can adopt the goal-based approach as a strategic evaluation process.

3.3 The extension of the success of the strategy against evolution criteria

Barchester is a big healthcare sector that also adopts different types of success strategies to develop the evolution process. Therefore, the adoption of the evaluation strategies helps to measure the natural growth, convergent evolution process, and divergent evolution process for Barchester. Therefore, the extension of the evolution helps to improve business growth for Barchester.

3.4 Identification of the degree of fit between an organisation's strategy and its structure

The Barchester. Healthcare is a popular, large healthcare sectors in Scotland that have a total of 4338 employees. Barchester also believes in supporting the dignity, independence and choice for every employee (Seema, 2021). Barchester also provides services for 11000 people with a total of 200 home care units. Therefore, Barchester needs to adopt some strategic, goal-based SPM approaches by which it can improve its entire business re-engineering process.

However, there exist some key advantages of adopting the business re-engineering process by which Barchester can improve its efficiency, and customer services for health care units, and cost reduction in entire project management process. These are the key advantages faced by Barchester for the adoption of the business re-engineering process. However, the major disadvantages are its complicated structure and higher cost developments are the main disadvantages.

References

Book

• Seema, K.E., 2021. The interface between technology and service operations: a business process re-engineering model for variables that have impact on the adoption of electronic customer relationship management (ECRM) systems used in the medical device industry. University of Johannesburg (South Africa). [Accessed From: https://search.proquest.com/openview/b570dae7cb51ff5ea04f2e337e887ba4/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2026366&diss=y][Accused On: 05.01.2023]
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• Article
• Kasemsap, K., 2020. The roles of business process modeling and business process reengineering in e-government. In Open Government: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 2236-2267). IGI Global. [Accessed From: https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/the-roles-of-business-process-modeling-and-business-process-reengineering-in-e-government/235276][Accused On: 05.01.2023]