Digital Access to Health in Birmingham Assignment Sample

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1. Brief Background

The UK demographic was projected to be 67.0 billion (67,026,292) under the Office for National Statistics (ONS) the year's halfway estimations of population in 2021. This corresponds to a 5.9% (3.7 million) increase in the estimated population in the second half of 2011 (1). There are some specific reasons which are considered the most impactful drivers of population growth and make it difficult to have adequate digital access to health and social care. During the 1990s, future foreign policy was the primary engine of the UK population increase. According to the most recent predictions, net migration stayed favourable in the budgetary year that ended March 2020, while the influence of the current COVID-19 outbreak on projected migration tendencies is unknown (2). In the United Kingdom, births have typically outweighed deaths, leading to population expansion and the natural growth becomes smaller than the total migration. Although the global population is increasing, the UK demographic is ageing. Safeguarding the population is highly important and in this case, early detection and prevention are important which helps in preventing mortality. Early detection and treatment can considerably lower COVID-19 rates of mortality, particularly in groups with elevated risk (3). This preserves lives and safeguards vulnerable members of the neighbourhood. Identified and undiagnosed COVID-19 instances can disseminate the virus across the neighbourhood, boosting the possibility of becoming infected for others, particularly vulnerable people. Early detection and therapy, as a result of timely evaluation, lead to improved results and a reduction in the severity of sickness. This lessens the strain on healthcare services while also improving people's health.

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2. Research Aim

This particular study mainly aims to critically examine as well as propose strategies for digital access to health and social care in the UK. The main purpose of the study is to offer a better understanding of the emergence of offering proper access to health care services and social care in order to ensure appropriate and required protection of public health. Moreover, the aim of the study is to examine how technology inclusion improves health and social care provision in the UK, Birmingham. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of overcoming the technological gap is being offered, ensuring that every person, irrespective of age, money, or history has the benefit of inexpensive internet, equipment, and assistance with technology.

Research Question

Table 1: Presentation of Research Question using PICO Model

3. Study Method

According to Healy and Perry (2000), it is necessary to consider three connected ideas when establishing the best research philosophy such as methodological procedure, an ontological framework and epistemological. This research will look into using an epistemological framework to view belief through interpretive theory. As interpretivism encompasses individuals' beliefs and impressions, the present investigation will encompass the views, thoughts, and beliefs of prospective research participants about their impression of encouraging digital participation in health along with social treatment in the United Kingdom, Birmingham. In a qualitative study, the use of epistemology philosophy mainly allows analysing as well as understanding how knowledge is efficiently constructed utilising the fundamental contextual facts, interaction and experiences (4). The main justification for choice underlines the way the epistemology disposition adopted establishes the study approach, data collection and analysis approaches, and analytic procedures used.

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An interpretive epistemology, for example, can lead to the use of observation by participants and informal conversations, with an emphasis on personal reactions and inferences (5). In this case, the use of this particular approach would be beneficial for presenting qualitative data that reflects the critical analysis of the expansion of digital health and social care access to required people across UK Birmingham. Besides, the way interpretivism emphasises the subjective and constructed nature of data interpretation, it would be beneficial to explore different forms of digital support that are considered essential in safeguarding public health (6). Besides, the use of this particular philosophical approach mainly helps in presenting a critical analysis of data in a better way. Individuals can use epistemology and interpretive thinking to go past surface-level findings and dive into subjective emotions and readings that determine how people behave and societal phenomena. By emphasising individual sensations and meanings, interpreters' qualitative analysis offers voice to underrepresented communities and people whose viewpoints could be disregarded in statistical analyses. The emphasis placed on flexibility and understanding the part that researchers play in creating knowledge fosters innovative thinking as a greater grasp of any research procedure's limits.

4. Sample: Sampling Method, Sample Size, Recruitment Strategy

Sampling is a means of selecting relevant things, objects, or persons for research purposes (8). Specific sampling methods will be used in the present investigation to get an understanding of the consequences of electronic availability for healthcare and medical services in the country of England and to support this cause (7). An appropriate number of people participating achieves information saturation without hampering the investigation's fullness or needing an overly small population sample which impedes analysis. In this case, a sample size of nearly 15 to 20 participants will be selected and used to present core findings. In this case, those respondents should belong to key stakeholder groups in health as well as social care settings in the UK, and Birmingham along with their specific roles, and responsibilities. The use of purposive sampling would be justified in this study in order to manage as well as present information in a better way. This study would allow presenting critical analysis from the point of view of gathered interview responses which reflects different points of view and beliefs in the social as well as healthcare sectors of the UK. Purposive sampling enables researchers to identify information-rich situations, or persons who have unique expertise or experiences to give regarding the study's topic (9). These situations can give deep and detailed information that by chance would not deliver. The practice of purposeful sampling promotes conceptual saturation, a condition in which data collecting fails to provide fresh perspectives and current evidence properly supports the evolving theory. This narrow focus helps academics to dive deeper into certain theoretical ideas and deepen their grasp of the phenomena under investigation.

Digital Access to Health in Birmingham Assignment Sample

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Apart from all of these, the choice of the sampling strategy has remained justified in the way it has helped in presenting analysis in a qualitative format highlighting the key data findings. The use of purposive sampling mainly helps in maximising the information richness and at the same time it offers detailed as well as clear insights into relevant contexts that are considered unable to capture through the sampling method (10). Choosing the correct participants is critical in qualitative investigations for obtaining rich and useful data. Objective sampling stands out as a useful technique for this purpose, with special advantages for certain types of investigations. Individuals can study the numerous elements contributing to their resilience and build a more thorough grasp of the topic by intentionally picking people who hail from places that have suffered similar tragedies.

5. Data Collection

There are three types of data collection methods used and those are primary, secondary and mixed data collection methods. As part of the mixed data collection method, both primary and secondary data collection methods are used in general (11). In this study, mixed data collection methods will be used to gather information that would meet the research aim properly. To obtain the necessary information, this study will investigate both primary as well as secondary information approaches, such as qualitative discussions with respondents and the evaluation of academic publications, journals, and legislation. In this case, a structured interview would be conducted with the target audience and at the same time gathered data before presenting would be analysed and compared with the gathered data set using secondary sources (12). In this case, the use of a mixed data collection method would be justified in the way it would offer scope to conduct analysis of gathered data set using both primary and secondary sources and offer scope to examine data reliability and validity. On the other hand, for such complicated topics, blended techniques can offer a more full and useful solution. Combining approaches can uncover unanticipated links or trends that would not have become visible with a single methodology, resulting in new information and prospects for additional studies. It also supports demonstrating a dedication to precision and thoroughness, which increases the overall trustworthiness of the study findings. Findings obtained via the use of heterogeneous methodologies can more effectively guide decision-making, policy creation, and practical problem activities, resolving the intricacies of societal issues including human experiences. In this way, the use of a combined data-gathering strategy for presenting studies would be acceptable. When using mixed methods to conduct a study, it’s important to keep in mind that effective mixed-methods research requires meticulous planning, implementation, and integration of multiple data sources. It necessitates expertise in qualitative and quantitative methods, as well as a dedication to ethical principles throughout the process.

6. Analysis

In this case, the thematic qualitative data analysis approach would be used in order to present the gathered data presentation. Thematic data analysis offers several benefits for presenting data about promoting digital access to health and social care in Birmingham, UK.Use of it would be beneficial for presenting analysis of gathered data highlighting the relevance and in-depth connectivity (13). This would help to preserve the richness, trustworthiness and robustness of the data presentation. In addition, it would also be useful and justifiable in the manner in which it reveals and highlights the main themes, patterns and meanings in the qualitative data. Furthermore, it provides more in-depth insights into participants’ experiences, perspectives and challenges in terms of digital access by going beyond surface-level descriptions. Referring to this, it can be stated that using this particular data analysis approach it would be beneficial to present relevant healthcare-based data to offer a better understanding of digital access to required patients in the selected city across the UK. It offers a nuanced understanding of the diverse realities and specific needs of different Birmingham communities in relation to digital healthcare and social care services (14). Besides, it plays a vital role in Organizing large amounts of data into clear and manageable themes, facilitating comprehension and making complex information more accessible. In this manner, the choice of thematic, critical analysis-based data analysis method has remained justified.

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7. Rigour and personal reflection on the researcher's position

Considering the chosen research context, I can say that it is important to conduct data reliability and validity tests before presenting as part of data analysis, especially for those which would be gathered using secondary data sources. In this case, I must say that the researcher at the initial stage is highly required to understand the main rationale behind conducting this study as this form of understanding mainly leads towards maintaining the authenticity as well as the credibility of the study. Empowering people to access health and social care online in Birmingham requires thorough research and analysis to generate reliable and valuable data. Therefore, it is important to have a better and clearer understanding of data that supports enhancing the reliability of data presentation. When utilized in an organized way, it can improve continuity in openness and procedural consistency. This study involves the use of automated technology qualitative data evaluation tools. However, the choice of a certain program architecture has not yet been made.

8. Ethical Issues And Suggestions For Mitigation

This investigation will assess a variety of philosophical and moral questions that may arise through the course of the investigation, with a particular emphasis on maintaining subjects' confidentially concerning the responses they provide to investigation queries. Similarly, human engagement in research raises a slew of ethical questions about ideals like integrity, courtesy, and the confidentiality of individual personal data (15). In advance of undertaking this study, an undergraduate project's ethical evaluation form must be approved to ensure adherence to the appropriate legal as well as ethical standards established in the Rules of the University of Hampshire Research Ethics Policy. Everyone who takes part will be given a letter providing authority, acknowledging their participation, and requesting permission, all of which must be officially authorized before the meetings for interviews may begin.

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