Research Proposal Assignment Sample

This content examines the rising prevalence of mental health issues among UK teenagers, particularly anxiety disorders. It highlights the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in improving adolescents’ coping skills and emotional wellbeing.

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Introduction to Research Proposal Assignment Sample

Background To Research

Research area and its significance

In the UK prevalence of mental health complexities increasing to greater extent specifically among teenagers. From the statistical estimation it has been identified that 31.9% of the teens are suffering from anxiety disorder (Adolescents’ mental wellbeing in UK, 2024). This is signifying about huge incidences of mental health complexities among adolescents. The implication of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy [CBT] has been done in wider context within UK for improving mental wellbeing of teenagers (Adolescents’ mental wellbeing in UK, 2024). CBT is determined as a kind of psychotherapy used for fostering positive thoughts in individual and this emphasis on enhancing coping mechanism and resilience capabilities in people (Sarwar et al, 2022). From the existing research it has been identified that CBT supports adolescents in understanding the connections existing between their feelings, action and thoughts and this supports in enhancing their coping mechanism (Hugh-Jones et al, 2023). The implication of CBT is done in varied issues such as anxiety disorder, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental health related complications.

However, criticism of CBT depicts that this only focuses on current behavioural issues and often ignores underlying issues. Furthermore, it is lacking in holistic approach due to which patient wellbeing is not completely enhanced. Moreover, CBT has not proven effective for everyone and this is not suitable in long-run (Hartas, 2021). This criticism of CBT underpinning the importance of undertaking research in this area so this can be known whether CBT creates positive or negative impacts on the mental wellbeing of teenagers. The research proves to be highly significant as this is focusing on one of the important areas of health and social care context which is CBT. By conducting research in this area effectiveness and challenges comprising with CBT will be analysed. Furthermore, the outcomes will lead to inform practice in clinical area and accordingly, mental health support to adolescents within UK will be provided.

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Problem statement

CBT is a collaboratively client-centred therapy; in case if client is not willing to take part in counselling procedure, then, this impacts outcomes in negative manner. Teenagers who are suffering from mental health issues requires consistent support from counsellors; whilst, effectiveness of CBT depends upon the engagement of client (Russell et al, 2023). However, teenagers are not able engage in effective manner as they have lack of resilience capabilities. In such situation CBT does not provide effective results. Thereby, it is important to understand detailed understanding regarding challenges complying with implication of CBT so that evidence-based strategies could be recommended.

Literature review

In the study of Bell et al, (2019) it has been depicted that cognitive behavioural therapy providing significant benefits on mental wellbeing of teenagers; by implying CBT counsellors becomes able to develop therapeutic alliance. Consequently, it supports in understanding the issues of individuals and accordingly, appropriate actions are taken. CBT complies with person-centred care as it is based on client engagement and accordingly, needs and requirement of patient are assessed and further actions are taken. This results in developing a sense of belongingness in individuals and further contributes in their recovery procedure. Therefore, CBT has been widely used in healthcare context as it aligns with enhancing mental wellbeing of adolescents. However, Bell et al, (2019) CBT does not provide effective results when there is lack of engagement from client’s side; teenagers who are severely depressed are not able to engage in counselling procedure due to which counsellors are not able to develop therapeutic alliance. This results in creating negative influence on the wellbeing of teenagers. It is important to understand the challenges aligning with CBT so that in-depth evaluation could be done and appropriate decision can be taken.

As said by Cosma et al, (2020) CBT comprised with non-judgemental attitude and this develops sense of security in patients and accordingly, they are able to share their doubts and issues. In this manner, their stress is reduced and further counsellor focuses on empowering them and witnesses their strengths. Thus, there is no doubt in articulating that CBT focuses on empowering teenagers and further enhance resilience capabilities in them. On the other hand, Moksnes et al, (2019) revealed that CBT only focuses on behavioural pattern and it often ignores underlying conditions or other external factors. This leads to create barriers in improving mental wellbeing of teenagers in long-run. CBT enhance mental wellbeing of individuals and focuses on enhancing their coping mechanism. However, it is important to focus on understanding the challenges comprising with implication of CBT so that specific intervention can be implied and effective outcomes could be gained.

Aim and objectives

Aim

To analyse the impacts of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy [CBT] in improving adolescent’s mental health within UK.

Objectives

  • To identify the prevalence and types of mental health complexities among teenagers in the UK.
  • To analyse the role of cognitive behavioural therapy in enhancing adolescents’ mental health within UK.
  • To evaluate the challenges persisting in implication of CBT for mental health support among teenagers.
  • To recommend the evidence-based strategies of CBT that enhances mental health of adolescents in the UK.

Research question

What are the influences of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in improving mental wellbeing among adolescents in the UK?

Rationale

The rationale behind conducting current research aligns with assessing whether CBT is enhancing mental wellbeing of teenagers in UK or not. The resilience capability in adolescents is less in comparison to adults and thereby, CBT often fails to provide positive results (Hugh-Jones et al, 2023). By conducting research in this area, realistic insights regarding the influence of CBT on mental wellbeing of teenagers would be identified.

Methods

Research type

Research type refers to the ways in which study is undertaken; it plays pivotal role in implementing the strategies that are essential in research procedure. Qualitative and Quantitative; these are two ways in which research can be conducted. Qualitative type aligns with allocation of theoretical information while, quantitative type entitled with collection of numerical instances (Snyder, 2019). The researcher will follow qualitative type over quantitative because gathering theoretical instances are easy and further it is easy to understand. Whereas, in order to collect and understand numerical data expertise is required and further this is time consuming. Therefore, researcher will prefer qualitative information. Moreover, in accordance with research area gathering theoretical information would be suitable; in order to analyse the impacts of CBT on mental wellbeing, theoretical data will be significant as it ensures detailed analysis of influences. Thus, there is no doubt in stating that the researcher will gain wider benefits through gathering data in the form of theories.

Research philosophy

It reflects about the faith and belief of people aligns with research context; this supports in including human opinions and perception within findings. There are two types of research philosophies and those are interpretivism and positivism; interpretivism philosophy aligns with understanding the faith and beliefs of individuals and reflecting it in research outcomes. Whereas, positivism philosophy concerned with evaluation of existing theories and concepts that relates with research area (Gupta and Gupta, 2022). In present research context, the researcher will prefer interpretivism philosophy as it is appropriate for analysing qualitative data. Furthermore, it is flexible in nature which means it reduces the chances of errors. On the other hand, positivism philosophy is suitable for analysing quantitative information and therefore, researcher will not select this. By preferring interpretivism philosophy, researcher will be able to gain wider understanding regrading research context and consequently, effective outcomes will be developed.

Research design

Research design determines about the series of steps and procedure that should be performed for undertaking research procedure. There are two types of research design and those are exploratory and descriptive. Exploratory research design is used for investigating the problem which has not been clearly defined. The primary goal is to develop insights regarding research area. Whereas, descriptive design focuses on accurately describing the charactertics of a subject without establishing cause and effect relationship (Hazari, 2024). The researcher will prefer exploratory research design as it enables researcher to explore the topic in depth manner and accordingly, the impacts of CBT on mental wellbeing of adolescents will be analysed. Furthermore, this design is cost-effective and easy to follow which leads to develop significant benefits for researcher and therefore, this design would be considered and significant outcomes would be developed. Thus, there is no doubt in stating that the researcher will be able to develop effective outcomes by considering exploratory research design.

Data collection

Data collection refers to the method of allocating raw data for developing research findings; it is important to adopt appropriate methods for collecting data as it determines about the efficacy of research outcomes. There are two ways through which data could be gathered and those are-primary and secondary. Primary method is considered as that approach in which fresh information is collected while implementing direct interaction with the participants (Mukherjee, 2019). On the other hand, secondary method comprised with approaching authentic sources and database such as Google scholar, PubMed, BioMed, Medline and NHS for gathering information. The peer reviewed articles are approached in secondary and method and consequently, focus is implied on collecting quality information (Mukherjee, 2019). The researcher will select secondary method over primary method due to varied factors; secondary method is easy to follow, it is further cost effective and time effective. Whilst, primary method is time consuming and higher cost is needed for interacting with participants. By adopting secondary method; researcher will access peer-reviewed high-quality articles and this supports in collecting authentic and quality information.

Sampling For Articles

In secondary research, sampling complies with selecting subset of data and information from larger dataset. Despite collecting secondary data sampling is essential because it guides researcher to select peer-reviewed articles and quality information (Verma, Verma and Abhishek, 2024). In order to select appropriate articles below mentioned procedure would be followed in current research.

Key words

Key words are considered as those domains which are entered in database for selecting relevant articles (Verma, Verma and Abhishek, 2024). This is considered as an important aspect in sampling articles as through this appropriate information could be collected. In current research, the analyst will use relevant key words such as “Impacts”, “Cognitive Behavioural Therapy”, “CBT”, “Adolescents”, “Teenagers”, “Mental”, “Challenges”, “Health”, “improving”, “Enhancing”, “Influence”, “Health Outcomes” and “UK”. These keywords are relevant with research area and therefore, these would be used while searching about relevant information and articles. Thus, by using relevant and significant keywords researcher will be able to collect wider information.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria specify about those elements which are needed to be included while searching articles. Whereas, exclusion criteria involve those components which requires to excluded (Mishra and Alok, 2022). Below mentioned inclusion and exclusion criteria will be followed by researcher-

Table 1-Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

  • Articles which are published after 2019 will be considered in the study.
  • Paper that contains information related to CBT and its influence on mental wellbeing of teenagers will be included
  • Studies which are published in English language will be considered.
  • Only peer-reviewed articles will be included in the study.
  • Articles which have been published before 2019 will be excluded from the study.
  • Paper that does contain information related to CBT and its impact on mental health of adolescents would be discarded.
  • Articles published in other than English language will be excluded from study.
  • Studies which are not-peer reviewed will be excluded.

Database

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The researcher will prefer authentic database such as PubMed, BioMed and MEDLINE; these databases have free access and further they provide wider collection of literature related to health and social care topics. Thus, analyst will be able to gain wider understandings regarding research context while approaching these databases. Further, there are varied number of peer-reviewed articles can be access. Therefore, researcher will approach these databases and accordingly, wider understanding will be developed regarding research context.

Ethics

Ethical consideration is defined as the principles and ethics which the researcher has to comply with while conducting and completing the study. While conducting the research it is the prime responsibility of the scholar that they must comply with the ethical considerations. While working on assessing the impact of cognitive behavioural therapy on improving the mental well-being of adolescents the research has followed all the ethical principles attached to the secondary research (Schmit et al, 2024). The first ethical consideration while conducting the secondary study was to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. Within the secondary research, this is the most essential aspect to be met by the researcher. It is due to the reason that the whole study is based on the data and in case data will not be accurate then the research findings will not be appropriate. Thus, to comply with this ethical consideration, the scholar while collecting data for evaluating the effect of improving the mental well-being of adolescents through CBT, uses only copyright sources and websites. This is particularly used by the scholar as the copyright sources provide more accurate and reliable information and this makes the study more effective and correct.

In addition to this, the scholar has also used peer-reviewed articles only. The rationale for using the peer-reviewed article is that it provides more authentic information in comparison to the non-peer-reviewed articles. In addition to this, another ethical aspect considered by the researcher was to keep the biases aside. Many times while collecting the secondary data, the researcher becomes biased and the data is collected from other sources (Graham et al, 2021). Thus, to ensure ethical working, compliance with keyword searching is done. The keyword searching is done so that the most accurate articles and data can be collected about the research topic. Hence, accurate keywords relating to the research topic are used so that more authentic and accurate information can be gathered to accomplish the objectives of the study.

Moreover, while assessing the impact of CBT on the mental well-being of adolescents the scholar has also ensured that they will be maintaining the quality of the data sources well. For this, the researcher has ensured that they comply with all the articles which have been published recently. For this, the scholar has to select the articles that are published after 2020. All the articles that have been published before 2020 will not be included in the study for the collection of the data. In addition to this, the researcher has also maintained effective transparency while conducting the study (Rojas-Avila and Reynaldos-Grandón, 2023). During the completion of the study based on assessing the impact of CBT on improving the mental well-being of adolescents, the scholar has listed all the articles within the study and proper citation is provided to every article which is used to support the study and its findings. Thus, by following all these principles the scholar has ensured the ethical aspects of the study and ensured that the objectives of the study are attained appropriately.

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Data Analysis

Data analysis is considered as the procedure through which gathered data is analysed; there are two ways in which information can be evaluated and those are thematic and statistical. Thematic analysis is used when there is qualitative information is allocated; whilst, statistical analysis is preferred when numerical instances are gathered. In current research, researcher will collect qualitative information and therefore, thematic analysis will be preferred (Dubey and Kothari, 2022). Different themes will be formulated by referring to research objectives and accordingly findings would be presented. This supports in effective presentation of data which is further easy to understand; by approaching thematic analysis the researcher will be able to present findings in effective manner which would be easy to understand.

There are varied benefits of thematic analysis; this is flexible in nature which means there are less chances of errors. Further, this analysis procedure allows an iterative and reflexive approach that helps in developing meaningful themes deriving from collected data (Dubey and Kothari, 2022). Thematic analysis will enable researcher to understand key pattern and trends within emerging themes and accordingly findings could be developed. Hence, there is no doubt in stating that by approaching thematic analysis research will be able to implementing meaningful and informative findings will lead to develop significant understanding regarding research area.

Impact

The outcomes of the research will create positive impacts within clinical settings; the implication of research could be done within clinical practices. By assessing the impacts of CBT on adolescents’ wellbeing; implication of CBT in primary care can be encouraged. Furthermore, the research will focus on assessing the challenges adhering with the application of CBT and accordingly, the complexities can be known. Clinical settings can focus on these challenges and consequently, decision making process can be undertaken (Bjørnsen et al, 2019). By preferring quality information and per-reviewed articles the researcher will be able to present quality information which can be further used in evidence-based practices. Thus, the researcher will undertake evidence-based research and complies with ethical guidelines and subsequently, research will be conducted in ethical manner. This results in enhancing the efficacy of outcomes and implication of findings will be done in clinical area. Thus, there is no doubt in stating that current research context is focusing on one of the important healthcare topics and therefore, findings will lead to assist healthcare settings in developing awareness regarding mental health wellbeing and implication of CBT.

References

Books and Journals

  • Bell, S. L., Audrey, S., Gunnell, D., Cooper, A., & Campbell, R. (2019). The relationship between physical activity, mental wellbeing and symptoms of mental health disorder in adolescents: a cohort study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16, 1-12.
  • Bjørnsen, H. N., Espnes, G. A., Eilertsen, M. E. B., Ringdal, R., & Moksnes, U. K. (2019). The relationship between positive mental health literacy and mental well-being among adolescents: implications for school health services. The Journal of School Nursing, 35(2), 107-116.
  • Cosma, A., Stevens, G., Martin, G., Duinhof, E. L., Walsh, S. D., Garcia-Moya, I., ... & De Looze, M. (2020). Cross-national time trends in adolescent mental well-being from 2002 to 2018 and the explanatory role of schoolwork pressure. Journal of adolescent health, 66(6), S50-S58.
  • Dubey, U. K. B., & Kothari, D. P. (2022). Research methodology: Techniques and trends. Chapman and Hall/CRC.
  • Graham, M., Hallowell, N., Solberg, B., Haukkala, A., Holliday, J., Kerasidou, A., ... & Vornanen, M. (2021). Taking it to the bank: the ethical management of individual findings arising in secondary research. Journal of medical ethics, 47(10), 689-696.
  • Gupta, A., & Gupta, N. (2022). Research methodology. SBPD publications.
  • Hartas, D. (2021). The social context of adolescent mental health and wellbeing: Parents, friends and social media. Research Papers in Education, 36(5), 542-560.
  • Hazari, A. (2024). Introduction to research methodology. In Research Methodology for Allied Health Professionals: A comprehensive guide to Thesis & Dissertation (pp. 1-6). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
  • Hugh-Jones, S., Ulor, M., Nugent, T., Walshe, S., & Kirk, M. (2023). The potential of virtual reality to support adolescent mental well-being in schools: A UK co-design and proof-of-concept study. Mental Health & Prevention, 30, 200265.
  • Mishra, S. B., & Alok, S. (2022). Handbook of research methodology. Educreation publishing.
  • Moksnes, U. K., & Reidunsdatter, R. J. (2019). Self-esteem and mental health in adolescents–level and stability during a school year. Norsk Epidemiologi, 28(1-2).
  • Mukherjee, S. P. (2019). A guide to research methodology: An overview of research problems, tasks and methods. CRC Press.
  • Rojas-Avila, J., & Reynaldos-Grandón, K. L. (2023). Exchange of secondary data in research with human beings: Ethical aspects. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia, 3(1), 1-7
  • Russell, A. E., Curtin, E., Widnall, E., Dodd, S., Limmer, M., Simmonds, R., & Kidger, J. (2023). Assessing the feasibility of a peer education project to improve mental health literacy in adolescents in the UK. Community mental health journal, 59(4), 784-796.
  • Sarwar, A., Islam, M. A., Mohiuddin, M., Tareq, M. A., & Siddika, A. (2022). Social connections and self-perceived depression: An enhanced model for studying teenagers’ mental wellbeing. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(23), 15791.
  • Schmit, C., Ferdinand, A. O., Giannouchos, T., & Kum, H. C. (2024). Case study on communicating with research ethics committees about minimizing risk through software: an application for record linkage in secondary data analysis. JAMIA open, 7(1), ooae010.
  • Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of business research, 104, 333-339.
  • Verma, R., Verma, S., & Abhishek, K. (2024). Research methodology. Booksclinic Publishing.

Online

  • Adolescents’ mental wellbeing in UK, 2024. Online. Available through < https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/explore-mental-health/statistics/children-young-people-statistics>

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